The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic Training on cognitive performance improvement in elementary students with intellectual disabilities (ID). The population in this study consisted 72 students with ID and 36 cases were selected by simple random sampling, and they divided randomly in two equal control and experimental groups. The training program consisted of 16 weeks moderate-intensity aerobic exercises with an intensity of 55-75 HR. These exercises were performed three sessions a week and each session take 45-minutes, 15 minutes warming up, 30 minutes main and 5 minutes cool down exercise. After 16 weeks of intervention, a significant change was observed in vocabulary and comparative reasoning at (p < 0.05). 16 weeks of aerobic training had shown a significant improvement in vocabulary knowledge and comparative reasoning cognitive performance in children with intellectual disabilities in the experimental group than control group at (P<0.05). In general it can be concluded that Aerobic exercise training can be used as an effective method to improve the cognitive performance in children with intellectual disabilities.

Keywords : Aerobic Exercise, Cognition Developments, Intellectual Disabilities.