working of women out of home as a problem in every society especially in Afghan society are almost exist. Every society has its own specification which makes defer from other societies. Afghan society in arias of culture, economy, politics, etc is deferring from other societies. the purpose of this paper is to describe a conceptual framework that explains what is the mostsignificant opportunities' and challenge towomen political participation in Afghanistan. The paper introduces a new and key aspect of the challenge as well as opportunities, for women which caused to them still Afghan society cannot succeed or what opportunities have created specially in the last decade to women'spolitical participation. While this study in terms of purpose is practical and in terms of methods is considerablyapplied and descriptive-analytical research with quantities & qualitative approach, the data have conducted from the library. The finding showed which in Afghanistan are many challenges on women's political participation despite good overcoming of the last decade. So, the present result hasthe suggestion of practical of good legislation law of women political participation along with recognition of women equal as men both in practice in Afghan society.

Keywords : Women'spolitical Participation, Opportunities, Challenge, The New Structure Of Power.