 Objective: To compare the rate of stone free after one week in patients of renal stones (1-2 cm) by PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) versus ESWL (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy)  Methodology: This Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted at Urology Department, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Republic of Ireland from 1 st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Total 104 patients were included. The patients were divided into two groups. Group-A (52 cases) with ESWL, while Group-B (52 cases) with PCNL. The patients were briefed about both the techniques, their likely consequences in terms of advantages and disadvantages. The procedure was considered successful if the patient will be stone free. Data were entered and analyzed in statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v25.0. Data were stratified for age, gender and socio-economic status to address the effect modifiers. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered as a level of significance.  Results: One hundred and four patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Patients were divided in two groups i.e. Group-A (ESWL) and Group-B (PCNL). The mean age of patients in group-A was 43.5±12.5 years and in group-B was 45.8±15.3 years. In group-A, stone free rate was 39(75.0%), while 48(92.3%) in group-B with a p-value of 0.017, which is statistically significant.  Conclusion: There is a difference of stone free rate at one week after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for renal stones of 1-2 cm.

Keywords : Kidney Stone, ESWL, PCNL.