Authors : Dr. Uma Sudhakar; Dr.Snophia Suresh; Dr. Tamannabasha; Dr. Ekambareswaran; Dr. Mahesh Kumar
Volume/Issue : Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar : http://bitly.ws/9nMw
Scribd : https://bit.ly/2TRtItw
Periodontitis, a common inflammatory
condition associated with progressive damage of
supporting structures of the teeth caused by the hosttissue reaction to the pathogenic bacterial colonies and
also by the endotoxins produced by the bacteria. Most
likely, higher concentration of microbial colonization in
the sub-gingival plaque produces gingivitis and specific
forms of chronic periodontitis (non-specific plaque
hypothesis). Similarly, specific microbial colonization
triggers aggressive periodontal diseases because of their
extremely high virulence (specific plaque hypothesis).
However, the particular mechanisms by which
periodontal supporting tissues are damaged still remains
indefinite. Hence the present review was aimed to give a
brief knowledge and rationale about the role of
antibiotics in periodontal disease.A structured literature
search for articles written in the English language in
PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and Web
of Science databases from 1980 to till date was retrieved
by using MeSH terms “periodontal therapy”,
“antibiotics and periodontitis”, “Management of
periodontitis”, “oral and systemic antibiotics”
”Periodontal Complications” “antimicrobial oral
therapy”, “systemic antibiotics and Periodontal
treatment” and “prognosis in periodontitis”. Systemic
antibiotics therapy usually comprise of monotherapeutic agents like β- lactams antibiotics
(amoxicillin, combined with clavulanic acid),
metronidazole, tetracycline’s (tetracycline, doxycycline,
minocycline etc.), clindamycin and quinolones (ofloxacin,
ciprofloxacin). Local antimicrobial therapies are
specifically recommended for residual pockets or at site
where mechanical management becomes difficult to
regulate the repeated progression of a microbiota
noxious to supportive tissue health.A successful
antimicrobial therapy is effectively influenced by the
host-immune response, periodontal status of the patient,
the microbial ecology of the entire oro-pharyngeal cavity
and various local and systemically associated risk
factors.One should always remember that antibiotics
should be used only as a conjunction with mechanical
instrumentation rather than primary treatment option
since an inappropriate use will ultimately result in
existence of resistance and incompetence. Thus proper,
optimal, effective and cautious use of systemic or local
antibiotics is highly critical specifically during the course
of periodontal disease management.
Keywords : Antibacterial Therapy, Aggressive Periodontics, Atridox, Atrisite, Metronidazole