Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a relatively new and promising technology in wireless communication that has wide range of applications. Nonetheless, security threats common with WSNs have continued to cause serious concerns to researchers. This is so as there is no well-defined and holistic security approach covering all forms of WSNs due to the vulnerable nature and complexity of this type of network. Different security threats to WSNs have been reviewed in this paper, as well as their cause, effects, and counter measures. Section 1 of the paper introduces the concept of WSNs, its makeup, design, and applications as well. Section 2 reviews some related works in the area while section 3 presents the security requirements of WSNs. Section 4 deals extensively on different security attacks that are common with WSNs, outlining their causes, impacts, and some defense mechanisms that can be adopted against them. Section 5 highlights some of the factors militating against the achievement of security efficiency in WSNs. Finally, section 6 of the paper makes some observations and recommends on the best approach towards tackling security challenges in WSNs.

Keywords : WSNS, Security Challenges, Attacks, Intruder, Information