Temporomandibular ankylosis (TMJ) is defined as a permanent constriction of the jaws with a mouth opening of less than 30 mm. It is a quite common condition in developing countries. The origin of this pathology is dominated by trauma. The treatment is surgical, several techniques are used. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study of cases collected at the department of maxillofacial surgery and stomatology of the IBN SINA university hospital in Rabat-MOROCCO. It covers the period between January 2014-December 2018. All of our patients treated for intra-articular temporomandibular ankylosis underwent a surgery of resection with interposition of a costal cartilage graft. Results: Our technique had impressive results, we had no facial nerve damages, an improvement in the mouth opening and resumption of TMJ function was successful in all our patients. And no cases of recurrence were observed during the postoperative follow-up of our patients, with a follow-up of at least 3 years. Conclusion : The management of the temporomandibular ankylosis is difficult, several surgical techniques have been described in the literature and the results are different from one team to another. We had great results with our technique that we will describe in this paper.

Keywords : Temporomandibular Ankylosis, Reconstruction, Autologous Graf