Similar callsign or also called callsign confusion, used in-flight communication. A similar callsign is the identity between the ATC (Air Traffic Controller) and the pilots. Air-Ground Communication is a special means of communication intended to accommodate ATC and Pilots' interaction to conduct a safe and efficient flight operation. The pilot is responsible for flying an airplane. The ATC has responsible to give information and standard separation of all flights under ATC’s responsibility or jurisdiction area. The acceptable level of safety will indicate the success of air-ground communication. The purpose of this study: 1) to describe the risk of similar call sign in aviation, especially in Makassar Air Traffic Service Center, and 2) to provide the procedure to minimize the risk of similar callsign or callsign confusion. The method used is the quan-qual research by utilizing Ground Criterion Theory (GTC). The theory postulated that the speaker and the listener (agents) reached a state of the same thought—it about what was said and meant. The data of this study are taken from Makassar Air Traffic Service Center in Indonesia.

Keywords : Air-Ground Communication, Similar Call Sign, Aviation, Pilot.