This article analyzes background aspects on why United States chose Hiroshima as prime target for the atomic bomb attack. Based on many existing researched of World War II, there were many opinions from experts on why the United States dropped both atomic bombs in Japan. United States initially chose five cities as the targets to end the war, from all Japan’s major cities, they are: Kyoto, Hiroshima, Kokura, Yokohama and Nīgata. Kyoto, known as the most important city for Japanese culture, was erased and focused on Hiroshima as the main target. By knowing what matters were taken into account by the United States about Hiroshima which was selected as the main atomic bomb target, it can be concluded that the United States did not only consider the political and military interests, but the United States also considered the cultural interests.

Keywords : United States, Atomic Bomb, Hiroshima, Japan, World War II.