Technological advances has improved the conformality of treatment and accuracy of dose delivery in radiotherapy. The radiation doses to organs at risk are also minimized. Radiotherapy is associated with second cancer risk as ionizing radiation is used for treatments. The normal tissues around the treated volume and the radiation doses received is of renewed concern as advanced modalities for diagnosis and treatment lead to early detection and long life expectancy of patients after treatment. The population of young patients is also on the rise. In this study, the radiation dose to these organs at risk from 3DCRT/ IMRT with brachytherapy is calculated using Eclipse and Brachyvision radiotherapy treatment planning system. An anthropomorphic heterogeneous female pelvis phantom was fabricated indigenously for physical dose measurements and verification. The radiation dose delivered to bladder, rectum and femoral heads from 3DCRT/ IMRT and Brachytherapy were measured and the lifetime attributable risk associated was evaluated. The treatment planning system accurately calculated the radiation doses to organs adjacent to the treated volume.

Keywords : Anthropomorphic Phantom; Lifetime Attributable Risk; Radiation Dosimetry; Second Cancer.